Boris
F. Poltoratsky
It seems reasonable to say that the Maxwell electrodynamics not only gives the final solution of the problem of the unified field theory, but also allows to open the physics of natural connection between the world of continuous and the world of discrete processes in the nature. It changes the understanding of neutrino, Casimir's forces and gravity. It gives also the essentially new treatment of a matter structure from fundamental particles up to substance in the general meaning of this concept.
1.
It is known, that Maxwell has transmitted to us not only the theory of a new
physical reality – an electromagnetic field theory [1], which he has issued in
the form of the system of differential equations of a mathematical physics. He
has also presented the example of their solution for an ideal flat wave. The
example was clear and convincing. However such ideal waves are absent in the
nature (see, for example, the theory of a partial coherence in [2]). Moreover,
they cannot be created even artificially by means of a coherent laser radiation
(see, for example, [3,4]). Therefore any attempt to use a specific solution of a
problem of flat waves for search of other solutions of Maxwell equations or for
their interpretation demands an extreme caution. For example, manipulations with
a movable coordinates system, executed by H. Lorentz, are based on the
hypothesis about the existence of the constant velocity of electromagnetic waves
propagation. Undoubtedly, this hypothesis follows directly from a particular
example of Maxwell. But generally it does not correspond to the facts, in other
words this hypothesis is wrong. The matter is that, electromagnetic waves
possess not only a translational, but also a rotational degree of freedom [5]
(as
spin at notorious "photons").
It is possible to be convinced of it if to consider evolutions of wave front in
a natural light wave, by using, for example, the modern holography technique.
But the process of rotation is better visible on an example of a distribution of
electromagnetic waves in the closed toroidal dielectric wave-guide, which is
illustrated in the Fig.1. Here
the result of numerical experiment is presented in the form of the image of translucent
isosurfaces
of energy
density of electrical
and magnetic components (We and Wh) in
various
stages of a waves rotation (on angle
j).
The technique of the creation of such images is described in [5].
The stepwise arrangement of fields in the Fig.1 testifies that waves undergo the
complex transformation at the rotation, and their group velocities
of components
are not equal among themselves.
Fig.
1
Transformation of the power density configuration of electrical
(We)
and
magnetic
(Wh)
fields
in rotating waves.
Otherwise
isosurfaces could not diverge and converge again. Obviously, also their phase
velocities differ very much. Rotating waves in spherical wave-guides and open
nonlinear mediums have the same properties.
In
[5] we not only have proved last property of electromagnetic waves by a direct
numerical experiment, but also have shown theoretically (Appendix
2 in [5]),
how Maxwell equations become nonlinear in conditions of the big energy
density
and mobility of the propagation medium.
Thus,
the system of rotating waves is characterized by
four
real velocities, which are changeable
and not equal to each other. And
in this situation any sense to connect system of coordinates with these
velocities is absent completely. Probably
it is more convenient (according to Maxwell and Hertz [6]) to use Galilee
transformation and to leave velocities in the form of functions of coordinates
and time.
It
follows from these results that Lorentz
transformations or a based on it theory of relativity are not so universal to
replace with itself the doctrine of the Maxwell. Now we shall look, what will be
result if go back to his original equations? In
this case we should examine these equations, improving both the equations and
methods of their solution. And in our computer century this problem seems quite
solvable if we respect initial positions of Maxwell and Hertz. An all the more
so, as the combination of the computer and analytical solution is
always accessible, because the nonlinear zone is strongly limited spatially.
Therefore each
nonlinear dislocation can be surrounded by a spherical surface so that it contained the
nonlinearity inside of her. Then each such internal area should be given to
computers, but the external part of a space remains in an action sphere of usual
mathematical methods. In particular, a great deal can be determined if to
analyze in
such a way
features of already known solutions for electromagnetic spherical wave systems
[7].
And
these solutions assert: any
spatial electromagnetic dislocations create variable fields
in
a medium.
Amplitudes
and phases
of
these have
angular dependence, which is described by the associated Legendre polynomials (spherical
harmonics).
Their radial dependence unequivocally has the shape of linked cylindrical
functions.
2. First we shall take advantage of a known radial dependence of fields, generated by dislocations.
Let's
begin with that we understand any inhomogeneity as dislocations in the medium,
and it is more exact in properties of environment in which electromagnetic waves
are spread. It can be an electron, a proton, a molecule, the fly, the person,
etc. it is natural, it is such dislocations, some absorb, radiate, reradiate
electromagnetic waves. The basic fact is radial dependence of amplitude a
component of reradiated waves, which is illustrated in figure Fig.2.
Fig.2
On the
basis of told it is possible to show [5], that
if any dislocations have a circumrotatory degree of freedom (for example, they
contains electromagnetic vortexes), we shall ascertain sequent incontestable
facts:
-
Dislocations have the mechanical moment (spin).
-
Dislocations contain the strong stabilizing factor – the internal
pressure preventing boundless compression (collapse).
-
The studying of dislocations
properties is mated with the nonlinearity of a medium or field equations,
because the nonlinearity is basically the general rule, but not the exception in
nature (the beginning of a problem is investigated in [5]).
-
Nonlinear dislocations
can have an electrical charge and the magnetic moment.
-
Nonlinear dislocations
interact among themselves: zone character of a strong interaction appears
on
small distances, and averaging interactions on greater distances takes place,
but it occurs around of a minimum of the general energy - it is already
gravitation (interaction of constant charges and of moments is more convenient
for considering separately).
The
process of transition, for example dislocations pairs, from one steady state to
another with the change of full energy is rather interesting, because its
properties conduct us directly to the base of a quantum mechanics. Certainly, it
can be investigated by direct calculations on powerful computers. But available
analytical methods of an oscillations study in nonlinear systems exist, which
are described in dozens textbooks. They
give result, which shows that the exchange of energy with surrounding field
through radiation or absorption always exists. Thus frequency of the first
harmonic of the radiated or absorbed waves should be proportional to the
difference of an initial and final energy. It is known, that Max
Planck
has already calculated coefficient of proportionality using experimental data. The
highest harmonics, which exist at very greater amplitudes of processes, are
responsible possibly for those
energy
surprises, which are attributed now to occurrence of a different sort a neutrino.
And the origin of Casimir’s forces is explained likewise simply [5].
Thus,
we see first two basic qualitative contributions, which the classical Maxwell
electrodynamics brings into the base of theoretical physics. First, the unified
field theory loses its urgency, because collective properties of nonlinear
rotating dislocations
in addition to usual electromagnetic properties (they interacts by
electromagnetic forces)
possess
all known quantum properties of fundamental particles,
including
all nuances of a strong interaction, and, besides, these dislocations
are subjected to the gravitation. Secondly, the electrodynamics establishes
natural connection between the world of continuous and the world of discrete
physical processes caused by a essentially simple nonlinear interference of
usual electromagnetic waves, which always can be calculated with any degree of a
accuracy.
3.
Now
we shall analyze spatially-angular aspects of
interactions of nonlinear electromagnetic dislocations.
As
we have already noted, their
group properties are defined by their interaction through linear region, where
their own variable fields and fields of nearest particles are described by
already mentioned spherical harmonics [5]. Mobile
spatial field configurations are gained as a result. They are complex, but are
understandable and determinate with the mathematical precision. Examples of the
simplest of them are illustrated by isosurfaces on Fig.3. They correspond to
polynomials P11, P32, P33
and are represented in coordinates of a field, i.e. can rotate [5].
Here
only Er
and Hq
components
are presented only. Their opposite phases are conditionally divided by dint of a
paint
color.
Naturally, general picture more richly by components three times. The
calculation is executed according to formulas out of [7].
Fig.3.
Configurations of type
P11,
P32, P33
for Er
and Hq
components of electric and magnetic fields in rotating waves.
Fig.3
shows, that the general disposition of fields has the shape of beams, which are
starting from the center. And quantity of these beams increases according to
indexes of polynomials, but irregularly. Amplitudes
and phases of fields inside of each of beams submit to the known law described
by Bessel functions of a half-integer argument.
They
vary also in time under the periodic law. Therefore some relative (angular
and remote)
positions of dislocations are energetically more
preferable, and others are forbidden, as unstable according to a principle of an
energy minimum. So there are the strong quantum joints between separate dislocations.
But results are not limited to it.
So, the main property of dislocations is interaction with the electromagnetic field, which is present always and everywhere at the world known to us. From here there is a simple explanation of the device of this world: its elements are only dislocations, and the electromagnetic field carries out all links between them. No other elements, and no other links in the nature are present. It follows from original Maxwell's electrodynamics.
4.
Separately it is necessary to tell about mathematics. The existing differential
and integral calculus is constructed for the mechanics of Newton and with his
participation. It is quite suitable and for the description of a stationary
state of substance when all Legendre polynomials and Bessel functions in
spherical harmonics are calculated already. It
is complex for execution,
but basically it is
possible. However the modularization
process
is inaccessible to such apparatus, as it includes big set of ramification
operations (" if... , elseif... "). It is easy to guess - such
problems are solved by computer mathematics, which operates not with formulas,
but with numerical arrays and by dint of the not limited logic. Therefore
results of calculations can be presented usually only in the tabulated or
graphic shape. Habitual formulas lose the universality. It
constricts the field for demonstrative manipulations with multi-storey symbols
and for plays
on not
clear
words.
In essence computer technologies lead to a greater openness and clearness of
physics, which draws near on these qualities to humanities. It
is an unexpected by-effect from a computerization of a science.
The arguments presented above
testify that the usual electrodynamics, constructed
on all known results of set of a great number of the most convincing experiments,
answers many (if not all) principle questions of a quantum mechanics and the
theory of a substance structure. Therefore
there are no reasons to reject the first conception.
And
there is no need in a monstrous heap of hypotheses and fantastic imageries, to
which physicists of 20-th century have so got used. All follows logically and
most naturally from the doctrine of Maxwell [1]. However other, new mathematics
is
necessary to the understanding and development of this yet
revolutionary
theory [5].
Coming back to the initial concept of physics it is possible to ascertain: the modern theoretical physics has far departed from the EXPERIMENTAL beginning and now became obvious supersaturated by the most absurd REVELATIONS. As an example obviously false interpretation of Maxwell theory can serve. Such unnatural situation is kept is exclusively artificial through the monopolized means of the scientific information and an actual interdiction for the open discussions. I.e. it is a question no at all of mass error, but about forced introduction of error in the scientific environment. It any more no physics, but ethics, philosophy or somehow religion.
References
1.
James
Clerk Maxwell. Royal Society Transactions, v. CLV, 1864.
2.
M. Born, E. Wolf. Principles of optics. N-Y,
Pergamon press, Chapters 10 and 11, 1964.
3.
B. F. Poltoratsky. JETP Let., v. 27, ¹. 7,
s.
406, (1978).
4.
B. F. Poltoratsky. JTP, v. 49, ¹. 11,
s.
2295, (1979).
5.
B.
F. Poltoratsky. Fundamental particles in
pictures without hypothesis. Moscow, «Sputnik+», 2007.
6.
Heinrich Hertz. Gesammelte Werke, Band II,
s. 256-285. Leipzig,
1914.
7.
Andre Angot. Complements de Mathematiques.
Paris, Chapter
VII, 1957.